Prescriptivism vs descriptivism - Free Essay: The Language Wars have been waged in the realm of English Literature, Language and Linguistics for years. Both sides of the argument are staunch ...

 
Prescriptivism vs. descriptivism: What’s it all about? A prescriptivist believes that one, generally standardised, variety of language is the correct way to speak, and that alternative varieties, be they dialects, vernaculars, creoles or pidgins, are all variations of ‘not a real language’ and should, therefore, be discouraged.. Map of motel 6 locations

The descriptivist stand-point is very different; descriptivists are interested in observing and recording language change and any linguistic phenomena. Generally, descriptivism is the more interesting standpoint, as it often involves looking behind differences in language use and investigating trends rather than resisting or disregarding …v Contents Contributors vii 1 Introduction: Values and Binaries in Language Evaluation 1 Jacob D. Rawlins and Don Chapman Part 1: Prescriptivism vs Descriptivism: An Untenable Binary 2 Is/Ought: Hume’s Guillotine, Linguistics and Standards of Language 15 John E. Joseph 3 Inferring Prescriptivism: Considerations Inspired byThis essay is a perfect example: it's clear he is way out of his depth commenting on linguistic descriptivism. He has little knowledge of linguistics and most likely never study the subject (based on the above quotation, I'm not even certain he understands what linguistics is), but, like most writers, I suppose, he is very comfortable talking authoritatively about it.I think you are touching a fundamental difference between the two languages: the practice of English in general is descriptivist (House styles are the closest to a rule, and they are …prescriptivism vs. descriptivism (pic taken from: hoydenabouttown.com of google images) I know some of you may be so familiar already with these concepts, especially those who have had thorough studies in language and language learning theories and approaches.Prescriptivism involves the laying down of rules by those claiming to have special knowledge of or feeling for a language. Prescriptive advice tends to be conservative, changes being regarded with suspicion if not disdain. Descriptivism involves the objective description of the way a language works as observed in actual examples of the language.Linguistic prescription, or prescriptive grammar, is the establishment of rules defining preferred usage of language. These rules may address such linguistic aspects as spelling, pronunciation, vocabulary, syntax, and semantics.Sometimes informed by linguistic purism, such normative practices often suggest that some usages are incorrect, inconsistent, illogical, lack communicative effect, or ...I previously wrote about this debate in my April 2 post "Prescriptivism and Descriptivism in the 18th Century". This post brings the debate up to the 21st century. A friend sent me this link to a debate between two modern linguists in the New York Times "Room for Debate" section from September 27, 2012.Jul 28, 2014 · Descriptivism is the belief that description is more significant or important to teach, study, and practice than prescription. What is the definiton of Prescriptivism In linguistics, prescription or prescriptivism is the practice of championing one variety or manner of speaking of a language against another. Descriptivism Lest you accuse me of unbridled prescriptivism (which would be ironic, since basically every style guide councils against nested round parentheses (not to mention the overuse of parentheses in general (which latter is beyond the scope of this essay))), allow me to cross the aisle for a moment.attempted, compromise between the forces of egalitarianism and traditionalism in English, but that most linguistic liberals dismiss the Usage Panel as mere sham-populism! Did you know that U.S. lexicography even had a.seamy underbelly? . T ' he occasion fOT this arti~le is. . Oxford University Press's semi-recent release of Bryan A. Gamer's'Descriptivism Lest you accuse me of unbridled prescriptivism (which would be ironic, since basically every style guide councils against nested round parentheses (not to mention the overuse of parentheses in general (which latter is beyond the scope of this essay))), allow me to cross the aisle for a moment.This paper will discuss the various settings in which descriptivism and prescriptivism can be used in and which settings they should not be used in. The author found that people with a descriptive attitude will most likely be humble towards grammatical mistakes in the English language. The author of came to the conclusion that both ... Aquí nos gustaría mostrarte una descripción, pero el sitio web que estás mirando no lo permite.v Contents Contributors vii 1 Introduction: Values and Binaries in Language Evaluation 1 Jacob D. Rawlins and Don Chapman Part 1: Prescriptivism vs Descriptivism: An Untenable Binary 2 Is/Ought: Hume’s Guillotine, Linguistics and Standards of Language 15 John E. Joseph 3 Inferring Prescriptivism: Considerations Inspired byEvery dictionary will express its editor’s viewpoint on the prescriptivism vs. descriptivism debate. But English is more than the static word lists trapped in dictionaries. For grammar and usage, the equivalent references are the stylebooks maintained by …The main part of the letter cites, among other authorities, Henry W. Fowler, A Dictionary of Modern English Usage(2d ed.1965), Wilson Follett, Modern American Usage(1966), Webster’s Third New International Dictionary (unabridged 1970); Oxford English Dictionary (1977); E. Gowers, The Complete Plain Words (1962).Prescriptivism is a antonym of descriptivism. In linguistics terms the difference between descriptivism and prescriptivism is that descriptivism is describing realistic forms, as opposed to prescribing idealistic norms, of linguistic usage while prescriptivism is prescribing idealistic norms, as opposed to describing realistic forms, of linguistic usage.1) All spoken language changes. 2) All spoken languages are equal in linguistic terms. 3) Grammaticality does not equal communicative effectiveness. 4) Written language and spoken language are historically, structurally, and functionally fundamentally different creatures. 5) Variation is intrinsic to all spoken language at every level.Prescriptivism, In metaethics, the view that moral judgments are prescriptions and therefore have the logical form of imperatives. Prescriptivism was first advocated by …06-Jun-2011 ... It turns out that Kingsley Amis not only got many little things right, but hit on something bigger, about prescriptivist and descriptivist ...Prescriptivism vs. Descriptivism. Change is inevitable. For example, take a newborn baby. A baby can wiggle, cry, eat, and excrete. Over time, the baby will grow to develop the powers to think, feel, do, and be. From the moment of birth, the child’s ability to live, act, and experience the world will rapidly increase.linguistic community, however, prescriptivism and descriptivism are not neutral terms, since they themselves come with attitudes. I will therefore start the exploration in the following section with the linguists. Linguists, prescriptivists and the …linguistic community, however, prescriptivism and descriptivism are not neutral terms, since they themselves come with attitudes. I will therefore start the exploration in the following section with the linguists. Linguists, prescriptivists and the …Prescriptivism defines grammatical rules and a standard for languages (often times they can be nationally regulated such as in Spain's Spanish and Germany's German, which both have a regulatory body) and definitely push against any form of dialectic variation, though commonly used variations can be accepted one they have been used "incorrectly" enough.If "irregardless" isn't a real word, then why the hell is it in my dictionary?!? It's a matter of philosophy. Steve and Kory give a primer on descriptivism ...Prescriptivism vs. Descriptivism: Many people in Do You Speak American consider themselves descriptivists, including Dr. Jesse Sheidlower and other linguists that MacNeil interviews.Lovatts Forums - Ask an expert about lovatts. Question by batty Posted 10/11/23 2:18 PM. Replies: 7 Views: 205Reviewed by Farah Ali, Assistant Professor of Hispanic Studies, DePauw University on 12/28/20 Comprehensiveness rating: 3 see less. The first chapter introduces linguistics as a field and covers some of the basic topics one would expect to find in an introductory chapter (communicative competence, multilingualism, prescriptivism vs. …3.3.7.2 Prescriptivism vs descriptivism. Faber and López Rodríguez (2012, 12) wrote about this dichotomy: As a rule, Terminology theories can be classified as either prescriptive or descriptive. General Terminology Theory, which has the virtue of being the first theoretical proposal in this area, is essentially prescriptive in nature.The term prescriptivism is, contrary to attitude, not used in a general sense by ordinary users of language; it is mainly used by linguists to identify approaches to grammar and …This book is a detailed examination of social connections to language evaluation with a specific focus on the values associated with both prescriptivism and descriptivism. The chapters, written by authors from many different linguistic and national backgrounds, use a variety of approaches and methods to discuss values in linguistic …Prescriptivism is focused on the set guidelines, in which the language is associated with grammar, phonetics and syntax. It lays down the rules governing the socially correct use of the language. On the other hand, descriptivism maintains that language is constantly evolving as society is changing. This, in turn, sees users of the English ...14-Sept-2012 ... lesserjoke: “ I think Descriptivist Ghost and I are going to have a nice long future together, responding to bogus prescriptivist claims.Descriptivism is a non-judgmental, evidence-based approach to analysing language use. Linguists with a prescriptivist attitude focus on enforcing the pre-established grammar rules. Linguists with a descriptivist attitude focus on analysing language as it is used in everyday communication. Fig. 2 - The prescriptivist approach is quite strict. 1) All spoken language changes. 2) All spoken languages are equal in linguistic terms. 3) Grammaticality does not equal communicative effectiveness. 4) Written language and spoken language are historically, structurally, and functionally fundamentally different creatures. 5) Variation is intrinsic to all spoken language at every level.descriptivist meaning: 1. believing that books about language should describe how language is really used, rather than…. Learn more. v Contents Contributors vii 1 Introduction: Values and Binaries in Language Evaluation 1 Jacob D. Rawlins and Don Chapman Part 1: Prescriptivism vs Descriptivism: An Untenable Binary 2 Is/Ought: Hume’s Guillotine, Linguistics and Standards of Language 15 John E. Joseph 3 Inferring Prescriptivism: Considerations Inspired by23-Aug-2013 ... Step 1: Learn what prescriptivism and descriptivism really are. · Step 2: Learn what dictionaries actually do. · Step 3: Educate yourself. · Step 4 ...It is also known as linguistic prescriptivism and purism. An ardent promoter of prescriptivism is called a prescriptivist or, informally, a stickler. A key aspect of traditional grammar, prescriptivism is generally characterized by a concern for good, proper, or correct usage. The term is the antonym (opposite) of descriptivism.This paper will discuss the various settings in which descriptivism and prescriptivism can be used in and which settings they should not be used in. The author found that people with a descriptive attitude will most likely be humble towards grammatical mistakes in the English language. The author of came to the conclusion that both ... '[Prescriptivism vs descriptivism] is a bit of a false dichotomy. Most now agree on basic precepts long codified in education systems: that language changes; that language change is normal; that speech counts as language; that usage is relative, and so on. Purist, though, is a woeful term, because motives here are often impure.you to speak and understand and it tells you what you know about the sounds, words, phrases, and sentences of your language. Prescriptivism/Descriptivism. 20 ...Feb 13, 2014 · Prescriptivism vs Descriptivism. Feb. 13, 2014 • 0 likes • 8,769 views. Download Now. Download to read offline. Education. Learn more about the two schools of thought known as prescriptivism and descriptivism and why they clash so much. Find out how this battle can affect different works of literature, technical writing and translations. 14-Sept-2012 ... lesserjoke: “ I think Descriptivist Ghost and I are going to have a nice long future together, responding to bogus prescriptivist claims.Ding ding ding, this is the real problem. The reason why r/linguistics does not take kindly to prescriptivism is because linguistics, the field, is a structuralist, descriptivist field. Prescriptivists have their place in society, but they are English teachers and proofreaders and editors and so forth, not linguists. 14.Descriptivism versus Prescriptivism. I realize and accept that, as a linguist, it is my prerogative to analyze language as a descriptivist. As such, I make no stance on the "correctness" of utterances in general. However, how do I strike a balance between the descriptivist prerogative of being a linguist and the prescriptivist prerogative of ... Định nghĩa. Prescriptivism là thái độ hoặc niềm tin rằng một loạt các ngôn ngữ là cao hơn so với những người khác và nên được thúc đẩy như vậy. Còn được gọi là chủ nghĩa quy tắc ngôn ngữ và chủ nghĩa thuần túy . Một promoter hăng hái …v Contents Contributors vii 1 Introduction: Values and Binaries in Language Evaluation 1 Jacob D. Rawlins and Don Chapman Part 1: Prescriptivism vs Descriptivism: An Untenable Binary 2 Is/Ought: Hume’s Guillotine, Linguistics and Standards of Language 15 John E. Joseph 3 Inferring Prescriptivism: Considerations Inspired by25-Feb-2013 ... Only people on the border of linguistics would hold (read: propone) the belief that a language should be spoken differently than the common ...Prescriptivism vs. Descriptivism. Change is inevitable. For example, take a newborn baby. A baby can wiggle, cry, eat, and excrete. Over time, the baby will grow to develop the powers to think, feel, do, and be. From the moment of birth, the child’s ability to live, act, and experience the world will rapidly increase.Mar. 21. A fascinating article in a recent edition of The New Yorker dealt with one of the crucial points of contention regarding linguistics. The topic is the disagreement between …Jean Aitchison (1996) PRESCRIPIVIST METAPHORS, DESCRIPTIVIST THEORY. prescriptivist attitudes to language change: - damp spoon - bad taste. - crumbling castle - language used to be so pristine. - infectious disease - dangerously spreads. Dennis Freeborn. in Varieties of English, he summarised 3 PRESCRIPTIVIST views: - …Oct 15, 2012 · The general take of a prescriptivist is that there are rules that define how language should be used, and that mistakes result from when those rules are broken. You might hear this idea of prescriptive linguistics described as normative, which means that the rules are based on normal usage, and they determine the way things (spelling, grammar ... Jun 9, 2016 · Prescriptivism vs. Descriptivism. Change is inevitable. For example, take a newborn baby. A baby can wiggle, cry, eat, and excrete. Over time, the baby will grow to develop the powers to think, feel, do, and be. From the moment of birth, the child’s ability to live, act, and experience the world will rapidly increase. A prescriptive grammarian would analyze the rules and conventions behind both statements to determine which statement is correct or otherwise preferable. Andrews also believes …The main part of the letter cites, among other authorities, Henry W. Fowler, A Dictionary of Modern English Usage(2d ed.1965), Wilson Follett, Modern American Usage(1966), Webster’s Third New International Dictionary (unabridged 1970); Oxford English Dictionary (1977); E. Gowers, The Complete Plain Words (1962).I. PRESCRIPTIVISM Vs. DESCRIPTIVISM Cost-benefit analyses of climate change typically employ the technical tools of Optimal Growth Theory. The goal within this branch of welfare economics is to identify the intertemporal stream of consumption-often expressed as a timePrescriptivism is the term used for approaches to language that set out rules for what is regarded as "good" or "correct" usage. Descriptivism is an evidence-based approach to language that describes, in an objective manner, how language is being used. Most contemporary academic linguists are descriptivists, but prescriptivist ...Prescriptivism and Descriptivism. A study on Attitudes Towards Language. Ann-Marie Bäckström. Luleå University of Technology. Bachelor thesis. English.It comes down to Prescriptivism vs Descriptivism. Who decides what constitutes "correct grammar" anyway??? It does become somewhat subjective in many instances. Obviously, grammar is important but to what degree? How much should it be emphasized? I found at high school English teachers used to be overly strict with grammar rules."Descriptivism and Prescriptivism" published on by Oxford University Press. Contrasting terms in linguistics. Descriptivism is an approach that proposes the objective and systematic description of language, in which investigators confine themselves to facts as they can be observed; particularly, the approach favoured by mid-20c US linguists ...The two sides are that of the descriptivist and that of the prescriptivist. ... Garner, on the other hand, makes a very simple definition for prescriptivism: “ ...“Words Will not stay still” T. S. Elliot The English lexicon is changing and always will change. Discuss with reference to contemporary Australian English....3.3.7.2 Prescriptivism vs descriptivism. Faber and López Rodríguez (2012, 12) wrote about this dichotomy: As a rule, Terminology theories can be classified as either prescriptive or descriptive. General Terminology Theory, which has the virtue of being the first theoretical proposal in this area, is essentially prescriptive in nature.Feb 18, 2021 · Prescriptivists think descriptivists are sloppy, uneducated, and the ultimate downfall of the English language. Descriptivists think prescriptivists are judgmental, blind to how language is actually used, and equally the ultimate downfall of the English language. Debates can rage on for years, centuries even. Due to is one such debate. What Are Prescriptivism and Descriptivism? Simply put, prescriptivism is an attitude that prescribes how language should be and how you, as its speaker, must use it. A prescriptivist most often promotes …Apr 15, 2021 · In short: Prescriptivism takes language to be governed by formal rules. As a result, for prescriptivists, “good” or “correct” usage depends on following these rules. Descriptivism focuses on observing how language is used rather than imposing rules. From this perspective, correct usage is a matter of convention. Prescriptivism vs. Descriptivism. Change is inevitable. For example, take a newborn baby. A baby can wiggle, cry, eat, and excrete. Over time, the baby will grow to develop the powers to think, feel, do, and be. From the moment of birth, the child’s ability to live, act, and experience the world will rapidly increase.Descriptivism is a non-judgmental, evidence-based approach to analysing language use. Linguists with a prescriptivist attitude focus on enforcing the pre-established grammar rules. Linguists with a descriptivist attitude focus on analysing language as it is used in everyday communication. Fig. 2 - The prescriptivist approach is quite strict. The conflicts between prescriptivism and descriptivism originate in a difference in focus: scientific study versus teaching. But that difference hardly ...Prescriptivism is a theory about moral statements. It claims that such statements contain an element of meaning which serves to prescribe or direct actions. The history of prescriptivism includes Socrate s, Aristotle, Hume, Kant and Mill, and it has been influential also in recent times. Moral statements also contain a factual or descriptive ...Nous voudrions effectuer une description ici mais le site que vous consultez ne nous en laisse pas la possibilité.02-Jun-2017 ... In linguistics, we discuss the difference between prescriptivism and descriptivism. Prescriptivists attempt to uphold standards of “correct ...Định nghĩa. Prescriptivism là thái độ hoặc niềm tin rằng một loạt các ngôn ngữ là cao hơn so với những người khác và nên được thúc đẩy như vậy. Còn được gọi là chủ nghĩa quy tắc ngôn ngữ và chủ nghĩa thuần túy . Một promoter hăng hái …David Crystal defines prescriptivism as 'the view that one variety of language has an inherently higher value than others, and that this ought to be imposed on the whole speech community' ( 2010, 2). It is this action of imposing norms - in its various incarnations - that is the concern of this special issue.Universal prescriptivism (often simply called prescriptivism) is the meta-ethical view that claims that, rather than expressing propositions, ethical sentences function similarly to imperatives which are universalizable—whoever makes a moral judgment is committed to the same judgment in any situation where the same relevant facts ...22-Sept-2020 ... The battle over language rules has been going on since people started to talk about language. The two sides are for and against the ...prescriptivism definition: 1. the belief that there are correct and wrong ways to use language and that books about language…. Learn more. Linguistic prescription, or prescriptive grammar, is the establishment of rules defining preferred usage of language. These rules may address such linguistic aspects as spelling, pronunciation, vocabulary, syntax, and semantics.Sometimes informed by linguistic purism, such normative practices often suggest that some usages are incorrect, inconsistent, illogical, lack communicative effect, or ...Linguistic description. In the study of language, description or descriptive linguistics is the work of objectively analyzing and describing how language is actually used (or how it was used in the past) by a speech community. [1] All academic research in linguistics is descriptive; like all other scientific disciplines, it seeks to describe ...Sep 14, 2018 · Prescriptivism and descriptivism are contrasting approaches to grammar and usage, particularly to how they are taught. Both are concerned with the state of a language — descriptivism with how it’s used, prescriptivism with how it should be used. For English teachers, who teach with a prescriptive approach to grammar, usage, and mechanics ... Apr 8, 2022 · Conclusion. Ultimately, Dr. Oaks is not advocating for a return to strict enforcement of prescriptive grammar rules. Rather, he is encouraging us to rethink the prescriptivism-descriptivism dichotomy and acknowledge that there is a place for making informed decisions about language, especially in applied settings, based on our observations. 3.3.7.2 Prescriptivism vs descriptivism. Faber and López Rodríguez (2012, 12) wrote about this dichotomy: As a rule, Terminology theories can be classified as either prescriptive or descriptive. General Terminology Theory, which has the virtue of being the first theoretical proposal in this area, is essentially prescriptive in nature.The results show the term Grammar refers to a set of constructional rules of a language located in speakers’ minds. It is unconscious knowledge which enables speakers of a language to produce and understand its utterances. These mental rules govern composition of phonemes, morphemes, words, phrases, clauses and sentences. Hi, Dreamlike. It has nothing to do with the prescriptivism v. descriptivism. I am pretty sure the course covers general knowledge about English parts of speech, sentence structure. It may include phonology, and perhaps even some historical grammar.The Language Wars: Prescriptivism vs Descriptivism. A fascinating article in a recent edition of The New Yorker dealt with one of the crucial points of contention regarding linguistics. The topic is the disagreement …v Contents Contributors vii 1 Introduction: Values and Binaries in Language Evaluation 1 Jacob D. Rawlins and Don Chapman Part 1: Prescriptivism vs Descriptivism: An Untenable Binary 2 Is/Ought: Hume’s Guillotine, Linguistics and Standards of Language 15 John E. Joseph 3 Inferring Prescriptivism: Considerations Inspired by"Descriptivism and Prescriptivism" published on by Oxford University Press. Contrasting terms in linguistics. Descriptivism is an approach that proposes the objective and systematic description of language, in which investigators confine themselves to facts as they can be observed; particularly, the approach favoured by mid-20c US linguists ...Prescriptivism vs. Descriptivism. Change is inevitable. For example, take a newborn baby. A baby can wiggle, cry, eat, and excrete. Over time, the baby will grow to develop the powers to think, feel, do, and be. From the moment of birth, the child’s ability to live, act, and experience the world will rapidly increase.Dec 12, 2022 · The strict separation between prescriptivism and descriptivism as applied to works of grammar and usage has in recent years been questioned and is increasingly seen as artificial, reductive, and a hindrance to a complete and nuanced understanding of usage.

The shorthand terms for the two sides of this disagreement: prescriptive vs. descriptive linguistics. As we'll see, linguistics can certainly be used prescriptively, and often is. And the results of careful description and analysis are at least implicitly normative. However, modern linguists insist that value judgments about language should be ... . Craigslist atl pets

prescriptivism vs descriptivism

Jean Aitchison (1996) PRESCRIPIVIST METAPHORS, DESCRIPTIVIST THEORY. prescriptivist attitudes to language change: - damp spoon - bad taste. - crumbling castle - language used to be so pristine. - infectious disease - dangerously spreads. Dennis Freeborn. in Varieties of English, he summarised 3 PRESCRIPTIVIST views: - INCORRECT (all are ... Prescriptivism defines grammatical rules and a standard for languages (often times they can be nationally regulated such as in Spain's Spanish and Germany's German, which both have a regulatory body) and definitely push against any form of dialectic variation, though commonly used variations can be accepted one they have been used "incorrectly" enough.Individual streams (and their respective categories) should be categorized under this category. The following will all need to be subcategories someday: Stylistics. Language Acquisition. Language Disorders. Prescriptivism vs. Descriptivism. Diachronics. Historical Linguistics. Language Change and Evolution.As students of the English language, we should aim to primarily take this “descriptive” approach to studying language. We identify and describe what people a...Prescriptivism và descriptivism là hai cách tiếp cận tương phản với việc sử dụng ngôn từ và ngữ pháp. Prescriptivism lý giải cách sử dụng ngôn từ trong khi diễn đạt diễn đạt cách sử dụng ngôn từ. NỘI DUNG. 1. Tổng quan và sự khác biệt chính 2. Chủ nghĩa bảo kê là gì 3.Universal prescriptivism (often simply called prescriptivism) is the meta-ethical view that claims that, rather than expressing propositions, ethical sentences function similarly to imperatives which are universalizable—whoever makes a moral judgment is committed to the same judgment in any situation where the same relevant facts ...Mar. 21. A fascinating article in a recent edition of The New Yorker dealt with one of the crucial points of contention regarding linguistics. The topic is the disagreement between …Mar. 21. A fascinating article in a recent edition of The New Yorker dealt with one of the crucial points of contention regarding linguistics. The topic is the disagreement between …The results show the term Grammar refers to a set of constructional rules of a language located in speakers’ minds. It is unconscious knowledge which enables speakers of a language to produce and understand its utterances. These mental rules govern composition of phonemes, morphemes, words, phrases, clauses and sentences.The conflicts between prescriptivism and descriptivism originate in a difference in focus: scientific study versus teaching. But that difference hardly ...Prescriptivism. Assumes a higher value for one form of language than others. · Descriptivism. Doesn't make value judgements about language usage. · Areas of ...Chomsky is well-known as a champion of descriptivism. Does this site have a standard link on prescriptivism vs descriptivism? – PM 2Ring. Nov 12, 2014 at 7:51. Add a comment | 3 Answers Sorted by: Reset to default 3 Many of the rules are ...Descriptivism vs prescriptivism: prescriptivism meaning. The opposite of descriptivism is prescriptivism. Prescriptivism, unlike descriptivism, imposes rules …Prescriptivism vs. Descriptivism. Change is inevitable. For example, take a newborn baby. A baby can wiggle, cry, eat, and excrete. Over time, the baby will grow to develop the powers to think, feel, do, and be. From the moment of birth, the child’s ability to live, act, and experience the world will rapidly increase.See full list on thecontentauthority.com .

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